BBC๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๋Š” ๋™๊ธฐ๋ถ€์—ฌ ๋ถ„์„
์ œ์ธ์ด ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š”
MOBI LETTER
Jan. 9th, 2023 | Vol. 11

์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” ๋ชจ๋น„์ž‰๊ธ€๋ฆฌ์‰ฌ ์ œ์ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 


2023๋…„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ ์„ธ์šฐ์…จ๋‚˜์š”? ์ €๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทผ๋ ฅ์„ ํ‚ค์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ๐Ÿšดโ€โ™€๏ธ

์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์ธ๋“ค๋„ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์„ธ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ, BBC์—์„œ ์ž‘์‹ฌ์‚ผ์ผ์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋™๊ธฐ๋ถ€์—ฌ ๊ธฐ์ œ๋ฅผ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 

์š”์•ฝ์„ ํ•˜์ž๋ฉด ๋™๊ธฐ๋ถ€์—ฌ๋Š” ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด์  (intrinsic), ์™ธ์  (extrinsic) ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๋‚˜๋‰˜๊ณ  ์™ธ์  ์š”์ธ์€ ๋˜ ์„ธ๋ถ€์ ์ธ ๋™๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋‰ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค - Identification, Introjection, External regulation. ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ค„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ณ  ๋ชฐ์ž…ํ•œ ์ผ ์ž์ฒด์—์„œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€์„ ๋Š๋‚€ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ผ ์ž์ฒด์—์„œ ์–ป๋Š” ๋‚ด์  ๋™๊ธฐ๋ถ€์—ฌ (intrinsic motivation)์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 

์ผ ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ์™ธ์  ๋™๊ธฐ๋ถ€์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ• ๊นŒ์š”? ์…‹ ์ค‘ ์–ด๋Š ๊ฒŒ ๋ณธ์ธํ•œํ…Œ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?

  • Identification - ์ผ ์ž์ฒด๋Š” ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ ๋” ํฐ ๋ชฉํ‘œ, ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃจ๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™๊ธฐ (ex. ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ธด ์‹ซ์ง€๋งŒ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ž„์šฉ๊ณ ์‹œ๋ฅผ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ด.)
  • Intojection - ๋‚˜์˜ ์ž์•„์ƒ, ์ž์กด์‹ฌ์—์„œ ๋น„๋กฏ๋œ ๋™๊ธฐ (ex. ์ด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋ชปํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚œ ์ •๋ง ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐ์•ผ!)
  • External regulation - ์œ ๋ช…์„ธ, ๊ธˆ์ „์  ์ด๋“ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์™ธ์  ๋ณด์ƒ (ex. ์˜์—…์€ ๊ดด๋กญ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ณดํ—˜์™•์ด ๋˜๋ฉด ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.)

 

์ด ์…‹ ์ค‘, ์ง์›๋“ค์˜ ๋™๊ธฐ๋ถ€์—ฌ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฑด ๋ญ˜๊นŒ์š”? ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฑด? ์กฐ์‚ฌ์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚ด์  ๋™๊ธฐ๋ถ€์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋†€๋ž๊ฒŒ๋„ ๋ณด๋„ˆ์Šค์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธˆ์ „์  ๋ณด์ƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ธˆ์ „์  ์ด๋“๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ณด์ƒ์— ๋™๊ธฐ๋ถ€์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ ๋˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ผ์ˆ˜๋ก ์‚ฌ๊ธฐ๊พผ์˜ ๊ธฐ์งˆ์ด ๋‹ค๋ถ„ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ๐Ÿ˜‚ 

๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์กฐ์–ธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋Š” ๋ญ˜๊นŒ์š”? ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋™๊ธฐ๋ถ€์—ฌ์˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ๋กœ ์žฌ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•ด์„  ์•ˆ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. BBC ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ <The crucial link between motivation and self-awareness>์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ฃผ์š” ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


1. To achieve a goal, a drive to do so is key. Yet not all motivation is created equal โ€“ and some factors driving a desire to succeed can even be harmful.
๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ถ”์ง„๋ ฅ์ด ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋™๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ, ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ์š•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€ ์š”์ธ์€ ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ํ•ด๋กœ์šธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

* not all ~ is (are) equal: ๋ชจ๋“  ~๊ฐ€ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค/ ~์€ ํ‰๋“ฑํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค

 

2. Just think of a time when you have been so absorbed in an activity that you havenโ€™t noticed time passing. This is known as โ€œintrinsicโ€ motivation.

์–ด๋–ค ํ™œ๋™์— ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ชฐ๋‘ํ•ด์„œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ค„ ๋ชฐ๋ž์„ ๋•Œ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์ž. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ "๋‚ด์ " ๋™๊ธฐ๋ถ€์—ฌ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

* A is known as B: A๊ฐ€ B๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค

3. Identification: While you may not enjoy the activity itself, it may appeal to your broader values and goals โ€“ providing another form of motivation.

์‹๋ณ„: ํ•ด์•ผํ•  ์ผ ์ž์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋” ํฐ ๊ฐ€์น˜์™€ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์— ํ˜ธ์†Œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๋™๊ธฐ ๋ถ€์—ฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

* appeal to ~ : ~์— ํ˜ธ์†Œํ•˜๋‹ค, ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๋‹ค, ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋Œ๋‹ค


4. Introjection: Sometimes we put pressure on ourselves to preserve our ego and self-image. You are worried that if you donโ€™t meet your goal, you will feel shame and a sense of failure.

๋Œ€์ƒ๊ณผ ๋™์ผํ™”: ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž์•„์™€ ์ž์•„ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์••๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋ฉด ์ˆ˜์น˜์‹ฌ๊ณผ ์‹คํŒจ๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋‚„๊นŒ ๋ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค.

* put pressure on~ : ~์— ์••๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋‹ค.


5. External regulation: Sometimes, motivation comes purely from external rewards โ€“ such as fame and fortune. In some workplaces, external regulation may come as performance-related bonuses and salary increases. You continue to put in the work to get the money, even if you find the tasks themselves to be rather dull and meaningless.
์™ธ์  ํ†ต์ œ: ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ, ๋™๊ธฐ ๋ถ€์—ฌ๋Š” ์ˆœ์ „ํžˆ ๋ถ€์™€ ๋ช…์„ฑ ๊ฐ™์€ ์™ธ์  ๋ณด์ƒ์—์„œ ์˜จ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ถ€ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์„ฑ๊ณผ๊ธ‰๊ณผ ๊ธ‰์—ฌ ์ธ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์™ธ์  ํ†ต์ œ๋ฅผ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ผ ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์†Œ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌด์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ๋ˆ์„ ์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์ผ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. 

fame and fortune: ๋ถ€์™€ ๋ช…์„ฑ (๋ณดํ†ต ๊ฐ™์ด ์“ฐ์ž„)

* even if you find ~: ~์„ ๋ผ๊ณ ํ•ด๋„


6. If you focus on the goals that are most personally meaningful and pleasurable, and ignore those that have been inspired or imposed by others, self-improvement does not have to be a chore, but a source of joy.
๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์˜๋ฏธ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ๋ชฉํ‘œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ , ํƒ€์ธ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์˜๊ฐ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ•์š”๋ฐ›์€ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ž๊ธฐ ๊ณ„๋ฐœ์€ ์ˆ™์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€์˜ ์›์ฒœ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
* (It) does not have to be A but B ~: ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ A๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ B์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Sidenote
๊ฐ™์ด ๊ทผ๋ฌดํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ค‘ ๋นŒ๋Ÿฐ์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ผ์„ ์ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฏ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ํŒ€์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ง์น˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด CEO๋Š” ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”? ๋‹น์žฅ์—๋Š” ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋„ ๋‚˜๊ณ  ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์ธ์žฌ ๊ฐ™์œผ๋‹ˆ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์บ๋ฆญํ„ฐ๋กœ ๋ด์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์„๊นŒ ํ•ด์„œ ์ฃผ์˜ ์ •๋„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ๋ˆˆ ๊ฐ๊ณ  ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋งˆ์Œ์ด ๋“ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ toxic ํ•œ ์กฐ์ง ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํผ์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ  ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํŒ€ ์ „์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋ง๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๊ฑด ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋„ทํ”Œ๋ฆญ์Šค ์ฐฝ์—…์ž Reed Hastings๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

"Do not tolerate brilliant jerks.
The cost to teamwork is too high.โ€

๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•œ ๋นŒ๋Ÿฐ์„ ๋ด์ฃผ์ง€ ๋ง์•„๋ผ.

ํŒ€์›Œํฌ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํฌ๋‹ค.


์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ๋ชจ๋น„๋ ˆํ„ฐ ์–ด๋– ์…จ๋‚˜์š”? 
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์˜ ์†Œ์ค‘ํ•œ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”! 
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