์‚ฌ๋ฌด์ง ์ข…์‚ฌ์ž๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ˜‘ํ•˜๋Š” AI, ๋‚ด ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋ ค๋ฉด?
์ œ์ธ์ด ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š”
MOBI LETTER
May 15th, 2023 | Vol. 29

์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” ๋ชจ๋น„ ์ธ๊ธ€๋ฆฌ์‰ฌ ์ œ์ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ํ™”๋ คํ•œ ์ŠคํฌํŠธ๋ผ์ดํŠธ ๋’ค์—๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ๋Š˜ ๋”ฐ๋ผ๋‹ค๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. AI๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ถ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜์—ญ์— ์นจํˆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์ง ์ข…์‚ฌ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ถ•๋ณต๊ณผ ๋‘๋ ค์›€์˜ ์กด์žฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ค ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•ด์•ผ ๋‚˜์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ง€ํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”? BBC ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ <The jobs AI won't take yet>๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ทธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 

๐ŸŽง ์˜ค๋””์˜ค <The jobs AI won't take yet ์•„์ง ์ธ๊ณต์ง€๋Šฅ์ด ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ์ง์—…>


1.

Since the start of the industrial revolution, there have been threats that new machines โ€“ from mechanised looms to microchips โ€“ would usurp human jobs. For the most part, the humans have prevailed. Now, say some experts, with AI ubiquity on the horizon, the threatโ€™s being realised: the robots really are coming for some jobs.

์‚ฐ์—…ํ˜๋ช…์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ ์ด๋ž˜๋กœ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ํ™”๋œ ์ง๊ธฐ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ์นฉ์— ์ด๋ฅด๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋นผ์•—์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์œ„ํ˜‘์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ์Šน๋ฆฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์ด์ œ AI์˜ ๋ณดํŽธํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ž„๋ฐ•ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋กœ๋ด‡์ด ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋นผ์•—์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์œ„ํ˜‘์ด ํ˜„์‹คํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค.


usurp: (๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ง€์œ„๋‚˜ ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ์„) ๋ฌด๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋‹ค

Ex: The new CEO usurped the position from the previous one. ์ƒˆ CEO๊ฐ€ ์ด์ „ CEO์˜ ์ง€์œ„๋ฅผ ๋นผ์•—์•˜๋‹ค.


2.

โ€œIt's not just that this would happen to individuals, but it could be pretty systemic. It could happen to a lot of people, potentially quite suddenly, potentially all at the same time. And that has implications not just for those individuals, but for the whole economy.โ€

"์ด๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์—๊ฒŒ๋งŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋งค์šฐ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ, ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๋™์‹œ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์ „์ฒด์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."


Implications ์˜ํ–ฅ, ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ํšจ๊ณผ

Ex: The new policy has significant implications for the company's future. ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ •์ฑ…์€ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


3.

โ€œI think there are generally three categories that are going to be relatively insulated in the foreseeable future. The first would be jobs that are genuinely creative: youโ€™re not doing formulaic work or just rearranging things, but you're genuinely coming up with new ideas and building something new.โ€

"์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋œ ๋ฐ›์„ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฒ”์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ์ง„์ •์œผ๋กœ ์ฐฝ์˜์ ์ธ ์ง์—…์œผ๋กœ, ํ‹€์— ๋ฐ•ํžŒ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ง„์ •์œผ๋กœ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์ง์—…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."


Insulated ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”, ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”

Ex: Some jobs are more insulated from automation than others. ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ง์—…์€ ์ž๋™ํ™”๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง์—…๋ณด๋‹ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋œ ๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹ค.



4.

โ€œI think itโ€™s smart to really think, โ€˜what kind of tasks within my job will be replaced, or will be better done by computer or AI? And what's my complementary skill?โ€™ The task of money counting became obsolete because of a machine. But now, the tellers are more focused on connecting with customers and introducing new products. The social skill has become more important.โ€

"์ €๋Š” '๋‚ด ์—…๋ฌด ์ค‘ ์–ด๋–ค ์—…๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋‚˜ AI๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒด๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋” ์ž˜ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ? ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์™„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ? ๋ˆ์„ ์„ธ๋Š” ์ผ์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์“ธ๋ชจ์—†๋Š” ์ผ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ œ ์ฐฝ๊ตฌ ์ง์›์€ ๊ณ ๊ฐ๊ณผ ์†Œํ†ตํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ƒํ’ˆ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋” ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์†Œ์…œ ์Šคํ‚ฌ์ด ๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."


Obsolete ํ์ง€๋œ, ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”, ์‹œ๋Œ€์— ๋’ค์ง„

Ex: Fax machines have become obsolete with the rise of email. ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์˜ ๋“ฑ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ํŒฉ์Šค ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋Š” ์“ธ๋ชจ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.


5.

โ€œWe might think the person in the white-collar job is higher on the food chain than someone who drives a car for a living. But the white-collar employeeโ€™s future is more threatened than the Uber driver, because we still donโ€™t have self-driving cars, but AI can certainly write reports. In many cases, more educated workers are going to be threatened more than the least educated workers. Think of the person that works cleaning hotel rooms โ€“ it's really hard to automate that job.โ€

"์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์ง์— ์ข…์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ƒ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋จน์ด์‚ฌ์Šฌ์—์„œ ๋” ๋†’์€ ์œ„์น˜์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„์ง ์ž์œจ์ฃผํ–‰์ฐจ๋Š” ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ์ธ๊ณต์ง€๋Šฅ์ด ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์ง ์ง์›์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฒ„ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ํฐ ์œ„ํ˜‘์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ณ ํ•™๋ ฅ ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ €ํ•™๋ ฅ ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ํฐ ์œ„ํ˜‘์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜ธํ…” ๋ฐฉ์„ ์ฒญ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ์ž๋™ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."


least educated ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ต์œก ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋‚ฎ์€

Ex: The program is designed to provide training and education to the least educated members of the community. ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์€ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ต์œก ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋‚ฎ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋„๋ก ์„ค๊ณ„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.


๋™๋ฃŒ์˜ ์ƒ์ผ, ์Šน์ง„, ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ ๋“ฑ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ถ•ํ•˜ํ•  ์ผ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์ฃ ? ๋ฏธ๊ตญํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ๋„ ์ƒ์ผ์— ๋กค๋งํŽ˜์ดํผ๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค์— ๋งˆ๋‹ˆ๋˜๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”? Take a look.
์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ๋ชจ๋น„๋ ˆํ„ฐ ์–ด๋– ์…จ๋‚˜์š”? 
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์˜ ์†Œ์ค‘ํ•œ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”! ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
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